A Level Sociology OCR Practice Exam

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What best describes stratified sampling?

  1. A technique involving random selection of participants

  2. A method that weights subgroups by demographic characteristics

  3. A process that favors one demographic over another

  4. A selection based on researcher preference

The correct answer is: A method that weights subgroups by demographic characteristics

Stratified sampling is best described as a method that weights subgroups by demographic characteristics. This technique is designed to ensure that various subgroups within a population are represented proportionately in the sample. In stratified sampling, the population is divided into distinct subgroups or strata based on specific characteristics such as age, gender, income, or education level. Once these strata are identified, the researcher randomly selects participants from each group. This approach not only helps in obtaining a more representative sample but also allows researchers to make more accurate comparisons between different subgroups within the overall population. This method contrasts with simple random sampling, which does not consider subgroup characteristics. By weighting these subgroups, stratified sampling enhances the validity and reliability of the research findings since it minimizes sampling bias and reflects the diversity within the population.

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